Sarcoidosis is a complex and often misunderstood disease that affects various organs in the body. It is characterized by the formation of tiny clusters of inflammatory cells called granulomas, which can accumulate in different areas of the body such as lungs, lymph nodes, skin, eyes, and liver. The exact cause of sarcoidosis remains unknown, making diagnosis and treatment challenging for both patients and healthcare professionals.
Prevalence of sarcoidosis:
According to a study published in the Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences, sarcoidosis accounts for approximately 1% of all respiratory diseases in India. The study also found that sarcoidosis was more common among females than males, with most cases occurring between the ages of 20 and 40 years old. Additionally, there were higher rates of sarcoidosis reported in urban areas compared to rural areas.
Sarcoidosis causes:
One theory suggests that an abnormal immune response triggered by exposure to certain environmental or occupational substances may play a role in sarcoidosis.
Another possible factor is genetics. Studies have shown that people with close family members who have had sarcoidosis are more likely to develop the condition themselves.
Other potential causes of sarcoidosis include infections such as viruses and bacteria, as well as exposure to chemicals or radiation.
It is also thought that certain medications can trigger or exacerbate symptoms in some individuals with existing sarcoidosis.
Sarcoidosis symptoms:
The symptoms of sarcoidosis can vary widely depending on which organs are affected. Most of the patients have lung involvement and can present with persistent coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain etc. Other common symptoms include skin rashes including painful nodules, joint pain and swelling particularly affecting ankle, fever, fatigue and weight loss. They can also present with neurological symptoms or eye involvement in form of redness or blurring of vision. Not uncommonly, young individuals can present with palpitations due to involvement of heart.
Sarcoidosis treatment:
This is a treatable disease and has good prognosis in most of the cases and can even go into remission. Treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.
The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and limit damage to affected organs. Depending on organ involvement treatment can be as simple as “pain killers – anti inflammatory medications” commonly called NSAIDs or may need anti-inflammatory drugs including steroids. Dose and course are variable and dictated by severity of symptoms.
Other medications used to treat sarcoidosis include immunosuppressants, which also work by suppressing the immune system, and biologic agents.
If you or someone you know is suffering from sarcoidosis, don’t wait. Schedule an appointment with Dr. Avinash Jain today for the best possible care and treatment options available. Take control of your health and start living a better, more comfortable life now.
